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Abstract
This article analyzes the impact of judicial and legal reforms implemented in Turkestan in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries on social life.
The author examines the administrative and legal reforms introduced within the framework of the colonial policy of the Russian Empire, the activities of people’s courts, military judicial commissions, and the authority of police institutions. Based on archival documents, the study investigates administrative punishments imposed on the local population and the legal mechanisms of colonial governance. The research concludes that the transformations in the judicial system had both positive and negative effects on the development of legal culture and legal consciousness among the local population.