Keywords
Heart defects, embryonic, blood vessels, heart defect, tetralogy of fallot, interventricular defect, stress, ultrasound, ECG, EXO-KG, MRI, CT.
Abstract
Congenital heart defects develop due to changes in the cardiovascular system as a result of developmental disorders in the embryonic period. The incidence of congenital heart defects is 0.5% of all newborns. In children over 2 years old, it occurs in 0.2% of cases. If a child with a congenital heart defect does not receive timely medical care, 50% of newborns die within 1 month. 25% die within 1 year. Approximately 20-35% of defects develop without complications and the children's color is practically unchanged. Currently, more than 100 congenital defects are distinguished.
The most common congenital heart defects are:
A hole in the heart wall, narrowing of the heart valves, malposition of blood vessels, maldevelopment of the heart chambers.